@Article{PaulinoMaNoBaLiBe:2022:AsAdCo,
               author = "Paulino, Rejane de Souza and Martins, Vitor S. and Novo, Evlyn 
                         M{\'a}rcia Le{\~a}o de Moraes and Barbosa, Cl{\'a}udio Clemente 
                         Faria and Lino, A. S. de Carvalho and Begliomini, Felipe Nincao",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal do Rio de 
                         Janeiro (UFRJ)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Assessment of Adjacency Correction over Inland Waters Using 
                         Sentinel-2 MSI Images",
              journal = "Remote Sensing",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "14",
               number = "8",
                pages = "e1829",
                month = "Apr.",
             keywords = "6SV, adjacency effects, aerosol, atmospheric correction, radiative 
                         transfer, surface reflectance.",
             abstract = "Satellite remote sensing data have been used for water quality 
                         mapping, but accurate water reflectance retrieval is dependent on 
                         multiple procedures, such as atmospheric and adjacency 
                         corrections. For the latter, physical-based methods are used to 
                         minimize the adjacency effects caused by neighboring land targets 
                         close to water pixels, and implementation requires atmospheric and 
                         environmental parameters, such as aerosol optical depth and 
                         horizontal range (i.e., distance in meters) of the adjacency 
                         effect (HAdj). Generally, the HAdj is empirically defined by users 
                         and can lead to substantial errors in water reflectance when 
                         incorrectly used. In this research, a physical-based approach with 
                         three empirical methods to determine the HAdj (fixed, SIMilarity 
                         Environment CorrectionSIMEC, and Adaptative Window by 
                         ProportionAWP-Inland Water) were used to correct and characterize 
                         the adjacency effects in Sentinel-2 images over Brazilian inland 
                         waters. An interactive inversion method of the deep blue waveband 
                         estimated the aerosol loading for the atmospheric correction 
                         procedure. The results of atmospheric and adjacency corrections 
                         were validated against in-situ reflectance data. The inverted 
                         aerosol loading achieved a good agreement with in-situ 
                         measurements, especially at visible wavelengths (Mean Absolute 
                         Percentage ErrorMAPE for eutrophic (~56%), bright (~80%), and dark 
                         (~288%) waters). The adjacency correction performance was near 
                         similar between the SIMEC and AWP-Inland Water methods in 
                         eutrophic and bright waters (MAPE difference < 3%). However, only 
                         the AWP-Inland Water method provided a smaller error (MAPE ~53%) 
                         for dark waters compared to the fixed (~108%) and SIMEC (~289%) 
                         methods, which shows how critical HAdj parametrization is for low 
                         water reflectance values. Simulations of different atmospheric and 
                         adjacency effects were performed, and they highlighted the 
                         importance of adjacency correction under aerosol loading higher 
                         0.1, which is a typical aerosol loading in a dry climate season, 
                         and over extremely dark, low-reflectance waters. This paper 
                         contributes to further understanding adjacency effects in medium 
                         spatial resolution imagery of inland waters using a physical-based 
                         approach including the uncertainties in HAdj determination.",
                  doi = "10.3390/rs14081829",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14081829",
                 issn = "2072-4292",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "remotesensing-14-01829.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "08 maio 2024"
}